Sistemas de liberación controlada multicargados para crear modelos animales y plataformas neuroprotectoras
Loading...
Download
Official URL
Full text at PDC
Publication date
2024
Defense date
14/07/2023
Authors
Advisors (or tutors)
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Citation
Abstract
El glaucoma es una enfermedad crónica neurodegenerativa que afecta al segmento posterior del ojo y que cursa con la pérdida paulatina de la visión, principalmente con pérdida progresiva de las células ganglionares de la retina (RGCs) y daño en el nervio óptico. El proceso de neurodegeneración que aparece en la enfermedad es multifactorial, estando implicados distintos mecanismos dentro de los que destacan el estrés oxidativo, la disfunción mitocondrial, la inflamación, la excitotoxicidad o ladeprivación de factores neurotróficos. El único factor de riesgo conocido modificable esla elevación de la presión intraocular (PIO). Sin embargo, no todos los pacientes que padecen glaucoma cursan con una elevación de la PIO, y en muchos otros casos la restauración de valores normales de la PIO no impide que se siga produciendo degeneración de la retina. Muchos de los mecanismos fisiopatológicos que provocan esta enfermedad son también desconocidos. Su conocimiento es esencial a la hora de desarrollar nuevas terapias que sean efectivas y puedan prevenir o detener su progresión. Por ello, el desarrollo de modelos animales que simulen las condiciones fisiopatológicas en humanos es de gran interés. Actualmente, existen una gran variedad de modelos animales inducidos por distintos mecanismos, ya sean dependientes o independientes de la PIO. Sin embargo, todavía ninguno de los modelos desarrollados ha conseguido imitar la elevación gradual y sostenida de la PIO que ocurre en el glaucoma humano...
Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that affects the posterior segment of the eye and causes gradual vision loss, mainly with progressive loss of retinal ganglioncells (RGCs) and optic nerve damage. The process of neurodegeneration that appears in the disease is multifactorial, with different mechanisms being involved, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, excitotoxicity and neurotrophic factor deprivation. The only known modifiable risk factor is elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). However, not all patients with glaucoma have elevated IOP, and in many cases restoration of normal IOP does not prevent further retinal degeneration. Many of the pathophysiological mechanisms that cause this disease are alsoun known. Knowledge of these mechanisms is essential to develop new therapies that are effective and can prevent or halt the progression of the disease. Therefore, the development of animal models that simulate the pathophysiological conditions in humans is of great interest. Currently, there are a wide variety of animal models induced by different mechanisms, either IOP-dependent or IOP-independent. However, none of the models developed have yet succeeded in mimicking the gradual and sustained IOP elevation that occurs in human glaucoma...
Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that affects the posterior segment of the eye and causes gradual vision loss, mainly with progressive loss of retinal ganglioncells (RGCs) and optic nerve damage. The process of neurodegeneration that appears in the disease is multifactorial, with different mechanisms being involved, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, excitotoxicity and neurotrophic factor deprivation. The only known modifiable risk factor is elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). However, not all patients with glaucoma have elevated IOP, and in many cases restoration of normal IOP does not prevent further retinal degeneration. Many of the pathophysiological mechanisms that cause this disease are alsoun known. Knowledge of these mechanisms is essential to develop new therapies that are effective and can prevent or halt the progression of the disease. Therefore, the development of animal models that simulate the pathophysiological conditions in humans is of great interest. Currently, there are a wide variety of animal models induced by different mechanisms, either IOP-dependent or IOP-independent. However, none of the models developed have yet succeeded in mimicking the gradual and sustained IOP elevation that occurs in human glaucoma...
Description
Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, leída el 14-07-2023