La configuración política de la identidad kurda en Turquía e Iraq: el PKK y la UPK
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2021
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2021
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Abstract
El presente trabajo lleva a cabo un análisis acerca de la situación de los kurdos asentados en Turquía e
Iraq, teniendo en cuenta que el estado actual de la cuestión kurda en los diferentes territorios que engloban a
esta comunidad es el resultado de cuatro factores internos, a saber: la configuración de los elementos tribales
que constituyen la comunidad kurda; su grado de homogeneidad en lo relativo al sentimiento de pertenencia
a una identidad nacional kurda común; su distinta estructuración política en torno a partidos kurdos dentro
del territorio nacional (Partido de los Trabajadores en Turquía y la Unión Patriótica del Kurdistán en Iraq);
y, por último, las políticas de represión o asimilación por parte del Estado nacional correspondiente. De este
modo, si bien el contexto o los factores internacionales son indispensables para comprender la problemática
kurda, en esta investigación se prueba que el ensamblaje de los factores internos en relación con las dinámicas
dentro de los territorios en los que se encuentran las poblaciones kurdas tiene como consecuencia distintos
niveles de autonomía política y de reconocimiento por parte de ambos países, alcanzando el mínimo nivel en
Turquía y el máximo en Iraq
This paper carries out an analysis about the current situation of the Kurds settled in Turquey and Iraq, taking into account that the current state of the Kurdish question in the different territories that comprise this community is the result of four internal factors: the configuration of the tribal elements that constitute the Kurdish community; their degree of homogeneity with regard to the feeling of belonging to a common Kurdish national identity; its different political structuring around Kurdish parties within the national territory (Kurdistan Workers’ Party in Turkey and Patriotic Union of Kurdistan in Iraq); and, lastly, the policies of repression or assimilation by the corresponing national State. In this way, although the context or international factors are essential to understand the Kurdish problem, this research shows that the assembly of internal factors in relation to the dynamis within the territories in wich the Kurdish populations are found has as a consequence, different levels of political autonomy and recognition by both countries, that is, in Turkey and Iraq, reaching the mínimum in the first case and the maximum in the second.
This paper carries out an analysis about the current situation of the Kurds settled in Turquey and Iraq, taking into account that the current state of the Kurdish question in the different territories that comprise this community is the result of four internal factors: the configuration of the tribal elements that constitute the Kurdish community; their degree of homogeneity with regard to the feeling of belonging to a common Kurdish national identity; its different political structuring around Kurdish parties within the national territory (Kurdistan Workers’ Party in Turkey and Patriotic Union of Kurdistan in Iraq); and, lastly, the policies of repression or assimilation by the corresponing national State. In this way, although the context or international factors are essential to understand the Kurdish problem, this research shows that the assembly of internal factors in relation to the dynamis within the territories in wich the Kurdish populations are found has as a consequence, different levels of political autonomy and recognition by both countries, that is, in Turkey and Iraq, reaching the mínimum in the first case and the maximum in the second.