Historical biogeography of the lichenized fungal genus Hypotrachyna (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota): insights into the evolutionary history of a pantropical clade

Cubas Domínguez, M. Paloma; Lumbsch, Thorsten; Prado Millán, Ruth Del; Ferencova, Zuzana; Hladun, Nestor; Jiménez Rico, Víctor; Dulare Devi, Pradeep Divakar

Historical biogeography of the lichenized fungal genus Hypotrachyna (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota): insights into the evolutionary history of a pantropical clade

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Official URL

https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282918000191

Publication date

2018

Authors

Cubas Domínguez, M. Paloma

Lumbsch, Thorsten

Prado Millán, Ruth Del

Ferencova, Zuzana

Hladun, Nestor

Jiménez Rico, Víctor

Dulare Devi, Pradeep Divakar

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

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URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/88912

Citation

Cubas P, Lumbsch HT, Del Prado R, Ferencova Z, Hladun NL, Rico VJ, et al. Historical biogeography of the lichenized fungal genus Hypotrachyna ( Parmeliaceae , Ascomycota): insights into the evolutionary history of a pantropical clade. The Lichenologist 2018;50:283–98. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282918000191.

Abstract

Hypotrachyna is a speciose genus of primarily tropical and oceanic lichen-forming fungi. It includes species with distinct distribution patterns, such as pantropical, restricted and disjunct species. We used a dataset of mitochondrial SSU, nuclear ITS and LSU ribosomal DNA from 89 specimens to study the historical biogeography of the genus. We employed Bayesian and maximum likelihood approaches for phylogenetic analyses, a likelihood-based approach to ancestral area estimation, and a Bayesian approach to estimate divergence times of major lineages within the genus based on molecular evolutionary rates for ITS and a secondary calibration point at the Hypotrachyna clade – Parmeliopsis split. Our analyses suggest that the genus might have originated in the Neotropics during the Eocene and that the split of major lineages happened primarily during the Eocene and Oligocene. The major diversification within those clades is estimated to have occurred during the Miocene. Pantropical species distributions are explained by long-distance dispersal. A number of currently accepted species were found to be non-monophyletic, illustrating that the delimitation of species in the genus needs attention.