Afganistán: dos décadas de conflicto
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Publication date
2020
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Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos (IEEE)
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Abstract
Se van a cumplir dos décadas de la intervención internacional en Afganistán. Tras la firma del acuerdo entre los Estados Unidos y los talibanes,se abre la puerta a un nuevo e incierto periodo para el país que sigue teniendo graves problemas de desarrollo, gobernabilidad y seguridad. El modelo de estabilización y reconstrucción llevado a cabo en Afganistán se ideó sobre la lógica de quela seguridad y el desarrollo eran dos vectores que se retroalimentaban: si se aumentaba el desarrollo, redundaría en una mejora de la seguridad y viceversa. Sin embargo, tras casi dos décadas de conflicto, se constata que la mejora de los indicadores de desarrollo humano, aunque haya sido mínima, no ha tenido incidencia en una mejora de la seguridad. Por tanto, es necesario iniciar una nueva etapa que ha de seguir contando con el soporte de la comunidad internacional para impulsar un nuevo proceso de paz.
The International Community has been involved in Afghanistan almost two decades. After the signing of a deal between the United States and the Taliban in February 2020, a new and uncertain period to Afghanistan has been opened. Currently, Afghanistan facesdifferent challenges on development, governance,and security. The reconstruction process in Afghanistan was designed on the logic that improvements in development would increase security and vice versa. However, almost two decades later, we have confirmed that improvement in human development, although it has been minimal, it has not had positive results over security. Therefore, in this new period, the International Community should keep supporting Afghanistan to promote a new peace process.
The International Community has been involved in Afghanistan almost two decades. After the signing of a deal between the United States and the Taliban in February 2020, a new and uncertain period to Afghanistan has been opened. Currently, Afghanistan facesdifferent challenges on development, governance,and security. The reconstruction process in Afghanistan was designed on the logic that improvements in development would increase security and vice versa. However, almost two decades later, we have confirmed that improvement in human development, although it has been minimal, it has not had positive results over security. Therefore, in this new period, the International Community should keep supporting Afghanistan to promote a new peace process.