Aplicación clínica de técnicas ómicas y Big Data en la caracterización molecular de dos enfermedades inmunomediadas en el perro : diabetes insulinodependiente y leishmaniosis
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2025
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07/11/2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Las enfermedades inmunomediadas son el resultado de desequilibrios en la activación y/o la modulación de las respuestas inmunitarias que, en último término, provocan daños tisulares. En general, este tipo de enfermedades tienen una base fisiopatológica compleja, en la que intervienen múltiples componentes ambientales y genéticos que complican la caracterización de los mecanismos implicados en su desarrollo y, consecuentemente, convierten su manejo en un reto para la práctica clínica. Sin embargo, las nuevas tecnologías de secuenciación masiva (“ómicas”) y de análisis bioinformático están facilitando el estudio de los procesos biológicos más complejos, acelerando así la identificación de biomarcadores y otros factores de riesgo asociados con el desarrollo de enfermedades. Recientemente, se ha propuesto que la integración de estas técnicas de nueva generación en entornos clínicos de carácter multidisciplinar podría dar lugar a estrategias de diagnóstico y tratamiento más precisas que los métodos tradicionales. Esta nueva forma de medicina, también conocida como medicina de precisión, se basa en el análisis masivo de los datos individuales de cada paciente y su contrastación con grandes bases de datos (“BigData”)...
Immune-mediated diseases result from imbalances during activation and/or modulation of immune responses, ultimately leading to tissue damage. In general, they are complex or multifactorial diseases determined by several environmental and genetic factors, which difficult the identification of the precise mechanisms involved in their development and, thus, complicate the clinical management of this kind of pathologies. Nevertheless, studies of large-scale molecular profiles by highthroughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses (“omics”) speed up the characterization of the most complex biological processes, as well as the identification of novel biomarkers and risk factors. Application and integration of omic technologies in clinical practice have been recently proposed as a highly efficient multidisciplinary approach to discover new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for complex diseases.This growing disciple consisting in the analysis of massive amount of biological and clinical data (“Big Data”) to achieve a more precise individualization of clinical management is also known as precision medicine...
Immune-mediated diseases result from imbalances during activation and/or modulation of immune responses, ultimately leading to tissue damage. In general, they are complex or multifactorial diseases determined by several environmental and genetic factors, which difficult the identification of the precise mechanisms involved in their development and, thus, complicate the clinical management of this kind of pathologies. Nevertheless, studies of large-scale molecular profiles by highthroughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses (“omics”) speed up the characterization of the most complex biological processes, as well as the identification of novel biomarkers and risk factors. Application and integration of omic technologies in clinical practice have been recently proposed as a highly efficient multidisciplinary approach to discover new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for complex diseases.This growing disciple consisting in the analysis of massive amount of biological and clinical data (“Big Data”) to achieve a more precise individualization of clinical management is also known as precision medicine...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Veterinaria, leída el 07-11-2023