Periodismo ético y deontológico: ¿Ser o no ser profesión? He ahí la cuestión
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Publication date
2021
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Fragua
Citation
Real-Rodríguez, Elena: Periodismo ético y deontológico: ¿Ser o no ser profesión? He ahí la cuestión. En REAL-RODRÍGUEZ, E. (ed.), Comunicando lo esencial en la esfera pública. La Ética y la Deontología como garantía de la función social de los Media y sus profesionales. Editorial Fragua, Madrid, 2022, 18-45. ISBN: 978-84-7074-970-4 (pdf).
Abstract
Esta ponencia plantea la estrecha relación que hay entre la Ética y la Deontología periodística con el proceso de profesionalización del Periodismo. Para que la Deontología periodística no sea un quiero, pero no puedo, y que la Ética del Periodismo no se quede en un simple saber teórico sin aplicación práctica viable por su imposibilidad de ser aplicadas las normas deontológicas al quehacer periodístico, al carecer el periodista de la necesaria autonomía, es preciso que el Periodismo se constituya finalmente en la profesión a la que está llamado como actividad de claro bien y necesidad social. El Periodismo-actividad tuvo sentido mientras la profesión se mantenía en una situación de escaso desarrollo. Pero en la actualidad ha perdido su razón de ser en beneficio de una concepción del Periodismo como profesión, más acorde con las exigencias del momento. El Periodismo-actividad es parte de un pasado que se ha de superar, mientras que el Periodismo-profesión no es solo el futuro, sino que debe representar ya el presente del Periodismo como ejercicio profesional. Para ello esta ponencia aborda las cuestiones que ya deberían estar logradas para implantarlo. El Colegio profesional y la titulación académica específica impartida por la Universidad, son los rasgos esenciales para iniciar el proceso constituyente. Al tiempo que el Colegio profesional es la institución indicada para encauzar eficazmente la Deontología periodística. Hay que diferenciar entre dos tipos de autorregulación: la profesional y la comunicativa. La primera atañe únicamente a los profesionales, mientras que la segunda suma a las empresas comunicativas y a la audiencia. La autorregulación profesional hace referencia al ámbito de la Deontología profesional. La autorregulación comunicativa, en cambio, está más ceñida al terreno de la Ética aplicada al proceso de la Información-Comunicación periodística donde confluyen los deberes de todos los sujetos que la protagonizan. Por último, reflexiona acerca de la formación ética y deontológica del periodista.
This paper raises the close relationship between Ethics and Journalistic Deontology with the process of professionalization of Journalism. So that journalistic Deontology is not a wish, but I cannot, and that the Ethics of Journalism does not remain in a simple theoretical knowledge without viable practical application due to its impossibility of applying the deontological norms to journalistic work, as the journalist lacks the necessary autonomy, it is necessary that Journalism finally become the profession to which it is called as an activity of clear good and social need. Journalism-activity made sense while the profession remained in a situation of little development. But today it has lost its reason for being in favour of aconception of Journalism as a profession, more in line with the demands of the moment. Journalism-activity is part of a past that must be overcome, while Journalism-profession is not only the future, but must already represent the present of Journalism as a professional practice. For this, this paper addresses the issues that should already be achieved to implement it. The professional College and the specific academic qualification imparted by the University are the essential features to start the constituent process. At the same time, the Professional College is the indicated institution to effectively channel journalistic Deontology. It is necessary to differentiate between two types of self-regulation: professional and communicative. The first concerns only professionals, while the second adds to communication companies and the audience. Professional self regulation refers to the field of professional deontology. Communicative self-regulation, on the other hand, is closer to the field of ethics applied to the process of journalistic Information-Communication where the duties of all the subjects that lead it converge. Finally, it reflects on the ethical and deontological training of the journalist.
This paper raises the close relationship between Ethics and Journalistic Deontology with the process of professionalization of Journalism. So that journalistic Deontology is not a wish, but I cannot, and that the Ethics of Journalism does not remain in a simple theoretical knowledge without viable practical application due to its impossibility of applying the deontological norms to journalistic work, as the journalist lacks the necessary autonomy, it is necessary that Journalism finally become the profession to which it is called as an activity of clear good and social need. Journalism-activity made sense while the profession remained in a situation of little development. But today it has lost its reason for being in favour of aconception of Journalism as a profession, more in line with the demands of the moment. Journalism-activity is part of a past that must be overcome, while Journalism-profession is not only the future, but must already represent the present of Journalism as a professional practice. For this, this paper addresses the issues that should already be achieved to implement it. The professional College and the specific academic qualification imparted by the University are the essential features to start the constituent process. At the same time, the Professional College is the indicated institution to effectively channel journalistic Deontology. It is necessary to differentiate between two types of self-regulation: professional and communicative. The first concerns only professionals, while the second adds to communication companies and the audience. Professional self regulation refers to the field of professional deontology. Communicative self-regulation, on the other hand, is closer to the field of ethics applied to the process of journalistic Information-Communication where the duties of all the subjects that lead it converge. Finally, it reflects on the ethical and deontological training of the journalist.
Description
Ponencia presentada al VI Congreso Internacional de Ética de la Comunicación, celebrado en Madrid los días 18, 19 y 20 de mayo de 2021. La organización corrió a cargo del grupo de investigación UCM 970829 Regulación, Ética y Sistema Internacional de la Información Periodística (RESIIP), que contó con la inestimable colaboración de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, la Facultad de Ciencias e la Información y el Departamento de Periodismo y Nuevos Medios












