Computación cuántica aplicada a la química
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2024
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Abstract
En los últimos años la computación cuántica se ha convertido en una de las áreas más prometedoras de la ciencia computacional. La química es la ciencia que se ocupa del estudio de la materia a nivel molecular y atómico, ciertos métodos computacionales clásicos han resultado de gran utilidad para el modelado y predicción del comportamiento de materiales. Pero estos métodos presentan grandes limitaciones en la resolución de problemas químicos complejos debido a la naturaleza exponencial de los mismos. Sin embargo, gracias a la computación cuántica, al aprovechar los principios de superposición, entrelazamiento y la capacidad de ejecutar múltiples cálculos simultáneamente, podemos emplear algoritmos que pueden resolver problemas químicos que serían imprácticos o imposibles para los computadores clásicos. Este trabajo propone ser una introducción a la computación cuántica orientada a la química, en él, resolveremos problemas químicos utilizando algoritmos cuánticos y ejecutaremos estos problemas tanto en simuladores con la ayuda de librerías orientadas a la computación cuántica como PennyLane.
In recent years quantum computing has become one of the most promising research areas in computational science. Chemistry is the science that deals with the study of matter at the molecular and atomic levels. Certain classical computational methods have been highly useful for modeling and predicting the behavior of materials. However, these methods have significant limitations in solving complex chemical problems due to their exponential nature. Nonetheless, thanks to quantum computing, by harnessing the principles of superposition, entanglement, and the ability to execute multiple calculations simultaneously, we can employ algorithms capable of solving chemical problems that would be impractical or impossible for classical computers. This thesis aims to provide an introduction to quantum computing focused on chemistry. We will solve chemical problems using quantum algorithms and run these problems simulators with the help of quantum computing libraries such as PennyLane.
In recent years quantum computing has become one of the most promising research areas in computational science. Chemistry is the science that deals with the study of matter at the molecular and atomic levels. Certain classical computational methods have been highly useful for modeling and predicting the behavior of materials. However, these methods have significant limitations in solving complex chemical problems due to their exponential nature. Nonetheless, thanks to quantum computing, by harnessing the principles of superposition, entanglement, and the ability to execute multiple calculations simultaneously, we can employ algorithms capable of solving chemical problems that would be impractical or impossible for classical computers. This thesis aims to provide an introduction to quantum computing focused on chemistry. We will solve chemical problems using quantum algorithms and run these problems simulators with the help of quantum computing libraries such as PennyLane.
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Trabajo de Fin de Grado en Ingeniera Informática, Facultad de Informática UCM, Departamento de Arquitectura de Computadores y Automática, Curso 2023/2024