Investigando los remedios populares elaborados a partir de especies vegetales: infusión de ajenjo ('Artemisia absinthium L.')
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2019
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
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Abstract
Con el fin de profundizar en el conocimiento relativo a las plantas medicinales y a los remedios tradicionales que de ellas se derivan, se ha analizado la composición química de la planta de ajenjo (Artemisia absinthium L.) y de su infusión. Tanto en la planta como en la infusión se ha determinado la presencia de fenoles, taninos, flavonoides y terpenoides mediante ensayos cualitativos. Los análisis llevados a cabo mediante cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas (GC-MS) han permitido identificar (Z)-β-epoxiocimeno (8,2%), isobutirato de nerilo (7,53%), β-tuyona (7,20%), isobutirato de geranilo (6,85%), butirato de geranilo (6,53%) y acetato de trans-crisantemilo (5,19%) como los componentes mayoritarios del aceite esencial de la planta, y, por otro lado, α-bisabolol (11,87%), (Z)-β-epoxiocimeno (10,82%), camazuleno (9,72%), geraniol (8,67%), nerol (8,29%) y espatulenol (7,46%) como mayoritarios en la infusión. La presencia de estos volátiles en la infusión de ajenjo se ha confirmado por primera vez en este trabajo.
In order to deepen into the knowledge related to traditional plant remedies, we’ve performed chemical analysis on the aerial parts of a medicinal plant (Artemisia absinthium L.) and its infusion. The composition of the infusion had been scarcely investigated, but here, we’ve confirmed the presence of tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids. These families of compounds were found in the aerial parts of the plant too. (Z)-β-Epoxyocimene (8.2%), neryl isobutyrate (7.53%), β-tujhone (7.20%), geranyl isobutyrate (6.85%), geranyl butyrate (6.53%) and trans-chrysanthemyl acetate (5.19%) were identified as major compounds in the essential oil of the plant using Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Same procedures allowed to identify α-bisabolol (11.87%), (Z)-β-epoxyocimene (10.82%), chamazulene (9.72%), geraniol (8.67%), nerol (8.29%) and spathulenol (7.46%) as major compounds of the infusion’s essential oil. The presence of these volatiles in the wormwood infusion has been confirmed here for the first time.
In order to deepen into the knowledge related to traditional plant remedies, we’ve performed chemical analysis on the aerial parts of a medicinal plant (Artemisia absinthium L.) and its infusion. The composition of the infusion had been scarcely investigated, but here, we’ve confirmed the presence of tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids. These families of compounds were found in the aerial parts of the plant too. (Z)-β-Epoxyocimene (8.2%), neryl isobutyrate (7.53%), β-tujhone (7.20%), geranyl isobutyrate (6.85%), geranyl butyrate (6.53%) and trans-chrysanthemyl acetate (5.19%) were identified as major compounds in the essential oil of the plant using Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Same procedures allowed to identify α-bisabolol (11.87%), (Z)-β-epoxyocimene (10.82%), chamazulene (9.72%), geraniol (8.67%), nerol (8.29%) and spathulenol (7.46%) as major compounds of the infusion’s essential oil. The presence of these volatiles in the wormwood infusion has been confirmed here for the first time.