Aspectos estilísticos del cante flamenco temprano : prácticas vocales en las grabaciones sonoras de 1898 a 1922
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2024
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05/06/2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Las grabaciones tempranas del flamenco representan un eslabón fundamental para la comprensión del desarrollo de este género durante el siglo XX. Estas grabaciones pre-eléctricas surgen en 1897con las primeras impresiones musicales sobre cilindros de cera y continuarán, a través de una presencia constante, a lo largo del inicio de la tecnología fonográfica en España. En el contexto de la música popular en España, durante los primeros años del siglo XX, el flamenco goza de una popularidad que se refleja en un número significante de grabaciones que se conservan al día de hoy. Este acervo sonoro ha recibido poca atención por parte de la comunidad académica y el presente trabajo establece un primer acercamiento a través del enfoque de la interpretación del cante. El presente trabajo – Aspectos estilísticos del cante flamenco temprano: Prácticas vocales en las grabaciones sonoras de 1898 a 1922 – lleva a cabo un análisis de tres prácticas de interpretación que se perciben en las grabaciones tempranas, el vibrato, el timbre y el registro vocal, como un primer acercamiento a definir el estilo del flamenco durante este período. La aproximación metodológica desarrollada se basa en los estudios de las “performance practices” históricas como punto de partida y hace uso de las grabaciones tempranas como fuentes principales de análisis. Asimismo, se ha elaborado un corpus de investigación que reúne las grabaciones sonoras pre-eléctricas de flamenco entre 1897 y 1922, tomando en cuenta como fuente principal el acervo digitalizado de la Biblioteca Nacional de España. A través de la investigación del corpus creado se ha establecido una propuesta de redefinición de aspectos interpretativos del flamenco durante las primeras dos décadas del siglo XX. Asimismo, se ha elaborado un contexto histórico que introduce la presencia e importancia de las grabaciones en el desarrollo del flamenco durante este período. La presente investigación contribuye como una primera aproximación a las grabaciones tempranas del flamenco a partir un análisis sistemático de las tres prácticas vocales mencionadas y presenta una serie de resultados que aportan a esbozar el estilo vocal en el cante flamenco temprano a partir de las grabaciones sonoras pre-eléctricas.
The early recordings of flamenco represent a fundamental link for understanding the development of this genre during the early 20th century. These pre-electric recordings appear in 1897 with the first musical impressions on wax cylinders and will develop consistently throughout the beginning of phonographic technology in Spain.In the context of popular music in Spain, during the first years of the 20th century, flamenco enjoyed a particular popularity that is reflected in a significant number of recordings that survive to this day. This sound heritage has received little attention from the academic community and this dissertation establishes a first approach through the interpretation of cante flamenco. The present thesis – Stylistic aspects of early flamenco singing: Vocal practices in soundrecordings from 1898 to 1922 – carries out an analysis of three interpretation practices that are perceived in early recordings, vibrato, timbre, and vocal register, as a first approach to define the style of early flamenco singing during this period. The methodological approach developed in this research is based on historical performance practices focused on the analysis of early recordings as main sources of study. Likewise, a research data-base has been created which includes the preelectric sound recordings of flamenco between 1897 and 1922, taking into account, as the main source, the digitized collection of the National Library of Spain. Through this investigation, a proposal to redefine interpretive aspects of flamenco during the first two decades of the 20th century has been established. Likewise, a historical context has been elaborated that introduces the importance of recordings in the development of flamenco during this period. This research contributes as a first approximation to early flamenco recordings based on a systematic analysis of the three mentioned vocal practices and presents a series of results that offers an outlining of the vocal style in early flamenco singing based on pre-electrical early recordings.
The early recordings of flamenco represent a fundamental link for understanding the development of this genre during the early 20th century. These pre-electric recordings appear in 1897 with the first musical impressions on wax cylinders and will develop consistently throughout the beginning of phonographic technology in Spain.In the context of popular music in Spain, during the first years of the 20th century, flamenco enjoyed a particular popularity that is reflected in a significant number of recordings that survive to this day. This sound heritage has received little attention from the academic community and this dissertation establishes a first approach through the interpretation of cante flamenco. The present thesis – Stylistic aspects of early flamenco singing: Vocal practices in soundrecordings from 1898 to 1922 – carries out an analysis of three interpretation practices that are perceived in early recordings, vibrato, timbre, and vocal register, as a first approach to define the style of early flamenco singing during this period. The methodological approach developed in this research is based on historical performance practices focused on the analysis of early recordings as main sources of study. Likewise, a research data-base has been created which includes the preelectric sound recordings of flamenco between 1897 and 1922, taking into account, as the main source, the digitized collection of the National Library of Spain. Through this investigation, a proposal to redefine interpretive aspects of flamenco during the first two decades of the 20th century has been established. Likewise, a historical context has been elaborated that introduces the importance of recordings in the development of flamenco during this period. This research contributes as a first approximation to early flamenco recordings based on a systematic analysis of the three mentioned vocal practices and presents a series of results that offers an outlining of the vocal style in early flamenco singing based on pre-electrical early recordings.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, leída el 05-06-2023