La teoría del bien jurídico y su función de crítica legislativa : una contribución a la discusión sobre la evaluación constitucional de las normas penales
Loading...
Download
Official URL
Full text at PDC
Publication date
2024
Defense date
10/03/2023
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Citation
Abstract
Hoy es posible expulsar normas jurídicas del ordenamiento cuando no se encuentran en conformidad material con la constitución. Esta afirmación, que entre nuestros contemporáneos puede resultar obvia y repetitiva, no lo era, sin embargo, hace tres o cuatro generaciones de juristas, pues la decisión política de limitar el poder del legislador democrático tiene su origen en los sistemas instaurados en nuestro entornocultural tras la segunda guerra mundial. La decisión de restringir el poder legislativoencuentra su trasfondo en los acontecimientos que tuvieron lugar en el corazón de Europa durante la década de los años treinta y cuarenta del siglo pasado. El eco de la propaganda totalitaria todavía resuena entre nosotros: la democracia es ingenua, la ironía de la democracia es que ella misma ofrece a sus enemigos más peligrosos las herramientas para destruirla. Si a la disolución del Estado democrático de Derecho en numerosos países europeos se suma el insoportable y traumático dolor que supuso conocer las atrocidades del genocidio nacionalsocialista, no nos puede sorprender que las élites de la posguerra trataran de configurar un sistema político que obstaculizase la repetición de la historia.El objetivo principal del sistema político contemporáneo es que el Estado nunca más se convierta en verdugo, en enemigo de los ciudadanos. Para ello, introduce en la norma fundamental contenidos materiales que el legislador democrático, en particular, yel resto de poderes públicos, en general, están obligados a respetar. Estos contenidos materiales adquieren, por tanto, naturaleza jurídica y se asegura el respeto a los mismos, en países como Alemania o España, a través de un sistema concentrado de justicia constitucional en el que, entre los cometidos atribuidos a los tribunales constitucionales, se encuentra la posibilidad de expulsar normas del ordenamiento jurídico por falta de conformidad material con la constitución...
Today, it is possible to remove legal norms from the legal system when they are not in substantive conformity with the constitution. This statement, which may seem obvious and repetitive among our contemporaries, was not so three or four generations of jurists ago, because the political decision to limit the power of the democratic legislator has its origins in the systems established in our cultural environment after the Second World War. The decision to restrict the legislative power traces back to the events thattook place in the heart of Europe in the 1930s and 1940s. The echo of totalitarian propaganda still reverberates among us: democracy is naive, the irony of democracy is that it itself offers its most dangerous enemies the tools to destroy it. If the dissolution of the democratic rule of law in many European countries is compounded by the unbearable and traumatic experiences after having learnt about the atrocities of the Nazi genocide, it is not surprising that the post-war elites sought to shape a political system that would prevent history from repeating itself.The main objective of the contemporary political system is that the State should never again become the executioner, the enemy of the citizens. To this end, it introduces into the constitution material contents that the democratic legislator in particular, and the rest of the public authorities in general, are obliged to respect. Therefore, these material contents acquire legal nature and respect for them is ensured, in countries such as Germany or Spain, through a concentrated system of constitutional justice, in which, among the tasks attributed to the constitutional courts, lies the possibility of removing norms from the legal system for lack of material conformity with the constitution...
Today, it is possible to remove legal norms from the legal system when they are not in substantive conformity with the constitution. This statement, which may seem obvious and repetitive among our contemporaries, was not so three or four generations of jurists ago, because the political decision to limit the power of the democratic legislator has its origins in the systems established in our cultural environment after the Second World War. The decision to restrict the legislative power traces back to the events thattook place in the heart of Europe in the 1930s and 1940s. The echo of totalitarian propaganda still reverberates among us: democracy is naive, the irony of democracy is that it itself offers its most dangerous enemies the tools to destroy it. If the dissolution of the democratic rule of law in many European countries is compounded by the unbearable and traumatic experiences after having learnt about the atrocities of the Nazi genocide, it is not surprising that the post-war elites sought to shape a political system that would prevent history from repeating itself.The main objective of the contemporary political system is that the State should never again become the executioner, the enemy of the citizens. To this end, it introduces into the constitution material contents that the democratic legislator in particular, and the rest of the public authorities in general, are obliged to respect. Therefore, these material contents acquire legal nature and respect for them is ensured, in countries such as Germany or Spain, through a concentrated system of constitutional justice, in which, among the tasks attributed to the constitutional courts, lies the possibility of removing norms from the legal system for lack of material conformity with the constitution...
Description
Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, leída el 10-03-2023