Carga mental y estrés: dos conceptos relacionados
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1995
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Abstract
La confusión que en algunos contextos se produce entre carga mental y estrés radica principalmente en su definición. Ambos se definen en términos de la diferencia entre las demandas ambientales y los recursos o capacidad del individuo para hacerlas frente. Mientras que las teorías acerca de la carga mental hacen referencia única y exclusivamente a las demandas y los recursos de procesamiento de la información en relación a una tarea particular, las teorías sobre estrés incluyen además aspectos físicos, psicosociales y organizacionales del ambiente laboral. En el presente estudio se encontraron coeficientes de correlación elevados y positivos entre la carga mental y el estrés evaluados mediante procedimientos subjetivos. Así mismo, se encontraron efectos significativos de la dificultad de la tarea sobre el nivel de estrés.
The confusion between mental load and stress originates in the poor definition of both concepts. These two concepts refer to the discrepancy between environmental demands and the availability of resources to meet them. In mental load theories resources and demands refer only to the processing needed to perform a particular task. However, in stress theories the definition of both demands and resources refer also to the physical, psychosocial and organizational aspects of work environment. In the present study, high and positive correlation coefficients between mental load and stress were found, using subjetive procedures. Similarly, we found significant effects of the task difficulty on the stress level.
The confusion between mental load and stress originates in the poor definition of both concepts. These two concepts refer to the discrepancy between environmental demands and the availability of resources to meet them. In mental load theories resources and demands refer only to the processing needed to perform a particular task. However, in stress theories the definition of both demands and resources refer also to the physical, psychosocial and organizational aspects of work environment. In the present study, high and positive correlation coefficients between mental load and stress were found, using subjetive procedures. Similarly, we found significant effects of the task difficulty on the stress level.