La celeridad procesal y el respeto a la verdad del matrimonio en los procesos canónicos de nulidad
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2021
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11/12/2020
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La cuestión de la duración de los procesos de nulidad es uno de esos «lugares comunes» que aparecen constantemente en las reflexiones que, desde dentro y fuera de la Iglesia, se hacen a propósito de la actividad de los tribunales eclesiásticos. El presente trabajo de investigación pretende realizar una aproximación a esta problemática desde criterios científicos, colocando la cuestión relativa al tiempo de tramitación de los procesos de nulidad desde la óptica más general de la verdad, ratio y telos de este tipo de procesos. Lo que está en juego es la verdad del vínculo conyugal, algo que tiene que ver con la voluntad fundacional de Jesucristo, y que afecta a las partes, pero que también afecta a toda la Iglesia. Por ello, existe un interés eclesial en el desarrollo de correcto de los procesos de nulidad, lo que incluye también un desarrollo ágil y célere de los mismos, de modo que se eviten retrasos que afecten y dañen a las partes y a la propia Iglesia.
Búsqueda de la verdad y celeridad procesal son, por tanto, los dos grandes temas que fundamentan todas las reflexiones de este estudio, que lo es de derecho procesal, pero que tiene como referencia ineludible al matrimonio. Dado que hay una íntima relación entre «proceso» de nulidad e «institución» matrimonial, el modo como se configure aquel, y también como se aplique en la praxis forense, tiene una incidencia directa extraordinaria en el modo como la Iglesia anuncie la verdad del amor y del matrimonio, y en la manera como proteja sus elementos y propiedades esenciales. Por ello es importante partir de los elementos esenciales que configuran el proceso, y desde ellos, ver cómo superar los problemas y disfunciones en la praxis forense, también las relativas al retraso indebido de las causas...
The issue of the duration of annulment proceedings is one of those constantly appearing “common places” in reflections from both within and outside the Church relating to the activity of ecclesiastical courts. The aim of this research is to examine the matter from a scientific perspective, approaching the duration of annulment proceedings based on a more general view of the truth, ratio and telos of this type of proceeding. The truth of the marital bond is what is at stake, and this is related to Christ’s foundational will, and it affects the parties, but its impact extends to the entire Church. There is hence an ecclesiastical interest in the proper handling of these proceedings, which includes processing them with sufficient speed to avoid delays that could harm the parties and the Church itself. The search for truth and procedural speed are the two main issues underpinning the observations in this work, which is related to procedural law, but takes marriage as its unavoidable point of reference. Given the intimate connection between the annulment “process” and the matrimonial “institution”, the structure of the former and its application in the forensic praxis have an extraordinary and direct impact on how the Church proclaims the truth of love and marriage and protects its essential elements and features. It is important to use these essential procedural elements as a basis to see how to overcome the problems and dysfunction of forensic praxis, including issues relating to undue delays in proceedings...
The issue of the duration of annulment proceedings is one of those constantly appearing “common places” in reflections from both within and outside the Church relating to the activity of ecclesiastical courts. The aim of this research is to examine the matter from a scientific perspective, approaching the duration of annulment proceedings based on a more general view of the truth, ratio and telos of this type of proceeding. The truth of the marital bond is what is at stake, and this is related to Christ’s foundational will, and it affects the parties, but its impact extends to the entire Church. There is hence an ecclesiastical interest in the proper handling of these proceedings, which includes processing them with sufficient speed to avoid delays that could harm the parties and the Church itself. The search for truth and procedural speed are the two main issues underpinning the observations in this work, which is related to procedural law, but takes marriage as its unavoidable point of reference. Given the intimate connection between the annulment “process” and the matrimonial “institution”, the structure of the former and its application in the forensic praxis have an extraordinary and direct impact on how the Church proclaims the truth of love and marriage and protects its essential elements and features. It is important to use these essential procedural elements as a basis to see how to overcome the problems and dysfunction of forensic praxis, including issues relating to undue delays in proceedings...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, Departamento de Derecho Eclesiástico del Estado, leída el 11/12/2020