Fisioterapia en el anciano con patología oncológica
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2019
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Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la eficacia de los tratamientos fisioterapéuticos más utilizados en los pacientes oncológicos, sobre los efectos del cáncer y de su tratamiento médico.
Algunas de las técnicas empleadas han demostrado escasa evidencia, mientras que intervenciones de fisioterapia como el ejercicio terapéutico o el drenaje linfático han demostrado gran efectividad para mejorar la condición física y la calidad de vida del paciente tras el tratamiento médico. Aunque las investigaciones demuestran grandes beneficios para el cáncer de mama, es necesario realizar más estudios sobre el alcance clínico de estos efectos y sobre otros tipos de cánceres. Asimismo, la fisioterapia podría generar efectos secundarios y para su realización resulta fundamental considerar la posible presencia de otras enfermedades graves, medicación u otras alteraciones frecuentes en la población anciana y que pudieran constituir contraindicaciones a dicho tratamiento.
La fisioterapia tiene un gran potencial para contribuir a la mejora de la calidad de vida y la recuperación del paciente oncológico anciano, pero se necesitan más estudios para demostrar sus beneficios, los posibles efectos secundarios y los métodos de intervención más eficaces.
The aim of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of the most used physiotherapy treatments in geriatric patients with cancer, and the intervention of cancer and medical treatment side effects. Some of the techniques have shown low evidence, while other interventions such as therapeutic exercise or lymphatic drainage have shown great effectiveness in improving the physical condition and quality of life of the patient after medical treatment. Although research shows great benefits for breast cancer, more studies are needed to relate the clinical reach of these effects and other types of cancers. Likewise, it should be considered that the physiotherapy treatment could cause possible unknown side effects and for its execution it is fundamental to consider the possible presence of other serious diseases, medication or other frequent alterations in the elderly population that could constitute contraindications to said treatment. The physiotherapy has a great potential due to contribute to the improvement of quality of life and the recovery for geriatric patients with cancer. But more trials are required in order to demonstrate its benefits, potential side effects and the most effective intervention protocols.
The aim of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of the most used physiotherapy treatments in geriatric patients with cancer, and the intervention of cancer and medical treatment side effects. Some of the techniques have shown low evidence, while other interventions such as therapeutic exercise or lymphatic drainage have shown great effectiveness in improving the physical condition and quality of life of the patient after medical treatment. Although research shows great benefits for breast cancer, more studies are needed to relate the clinical reach of these effects and other types of cancers. Likewise, it should be considered that the physiotherapy treatment could cause possible unknown side effects and for its execution it is fundamental to consider the possible presence of other serious diseases, medication or other frequent alterations in the elderly population that could constitute contraindications to said treatment. The physiotherapy has a great potential due to contribute to the improvement of quality of life and the recovery for geriatric patients with cancer. But more trials are required in order to demonstrate its benefits, potential side effects and the most effective intervention protocols.