Contribución del cociente intelectual premórbido y la edad de inicio de psicosis al rendimiento cognitivo y recuperación funcional de individuos con un primer episodio psicótico
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2023
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25/05/2022
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Existe una gran variabilidad en el perfil de rendimiento cognitivo, la presentación clínica, el curso de los síntomas y el posterior funcionamiento entre individuos con un primer episodio psicótico (PEP). El CI premórbido (CI-p) y la edad de inicio de psicosis son dos factores pronósticos relevantes en la práctica clínica ampliamente explorados por separado en la investigación sobre psicosis (Rajji et al.,2009; Weickert et al., 2000), que podrían ayudar a explicar la heterogeneidad clínica y cognitiva presente en individuos con un PEP. La presencia de CI-p bajo es un factor de riesgo de esquizofrenia (Khandaker et al., 2011) por su asociación con alteraciones en el neurodesarrollo (Cannon, M. et al., 2002a; Sheffield et al., 2018), mientras que un CIp promedio o alto sería considerado un factor protector relacionado con un mejor pronóstico de psicosis debido a su asociación con la reserva cognitiva (Barnett et al.,2006). En individuos con un PEP, presentar un CI-p inferior a 85 se ha asociado con una probabilidad hasta cuatro veces mayor de que el inicio de psicosis sea temprano (Baeza et al., 2021), y el inicio temprano de psicosis se asocia a una mayor presencia de síntomas negativos y un peor funcionamiento social y ocupacional (Immonen et al.,2017). Por tanto, la presencia de una edad de inicio temprana (<18 años) y un CI-p bajo podría reflejar un curso diferente del neurodesarrollo (Sheffield et al., 2018)...
There is great variability in the cognitive performance profile, clinical presentation, course of symptoms and subsequent functioning among individuals with a first episode of psychosis (FEP). Premorbid IQ (pIQ) (and the age of onset are two important prognostic factors relevant to clinical practice and broadly explored in psychosis research (Weickert et al., 2000; Rajji et al., 2009), which could help to explain heterogeneity in cognitive performance after FEP. The presence of low pIQ is a risk factor for schizophrenia (Khandaker et al., 2011) due to its association with neurodevelopmentalalterations (Cannon, M. et al., 2002a; Sheffield et al., 2018), while on the other hand, an average or high pIQ would constitute a protective factor of developing psychosis, due to its association with cognitive reserves (Barnett et al., 2006).. Additionally, recent evidence indicates that, among individuals with a FEP, presenting a pIQ below 85 correlates with almost four times higher probability of having an early psychosis (Baeza et al., 2021) and the early onset of psychosis has been associated with a greater presence of negative symptoms and poorer social and occupational functioning (Immonen et al., 2017). Therefore, an early onset (<18 years old) and a low pIQ could reflect a different course of neurodevelopment (Sheffield et al., 2018)...
There is great variability in the cognitive performance profile, clinical presentation, course of symptoms and subsequent functioning among individuals with a first episode of psychosis (FEP). Premorbid IQ (pIQ) (and the age of onset are two important prognostic factors relevant to clinical practice and broadly explored in psychosis research (Weickert et al., 2000; Rajji et al., 2009), which could help to explain heterogeneity in cognitive performance after FEP. The presence of low pIQ is a risk factor for schizophrenia (Khandaker et al., 2011) due to its association with neurodevelopmentalalterations (Cannon, M. et al., 2002a; Sheffield et al., 2018), while on the other hand, an average or high pIQ would constitute a protective factor of developing psychosis, due to its association with cognitive reserves (Barnett et al., 2006).. Additionally, recent evidence indicates that, among individuals with a FEP, presenting a pIQ below 85 correlates with almost four times higher probability of having an early psychosis (Baeza et al., 2021) and the early onset of psychosis has been associated with a greater presence of negative symptoms and poorer social and occupational functioning (Immonen et al., 2017). Therefore, an early onset (<18 years old) and a low pIQ could reflect a different course of neurodevelopment (Sheffield et al., 2018)...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, leída el 25-05-2022