El problema de la justicia intergeneracional prospectiva. Una alternativa intermodal compatible con el proyecto político de la modernidad
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2026
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31/10/2025
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El punto de partida de esta investigación es la constatación de que existen desafíos como el cambio climático, la degradación ambiental y la gestión insostenible de los recursos naturales vinculados a las decisiones y acciones institucionales presentes y que influirán de manera determinante en las condiciones de vida de las generaciones futuras. Estos fenómenos plantean la necesidad de que la comunidad política considere seriamente sus obligaciones hacia los miembros de esas generaciones. Un obstáculo importante para tal consideración es la aparente incapacidad de las teorías de justicia política vigentes para hacerse cargo de la vertiente teórica del problema. Habiendo sido diseñadas para contemplar las relaciones entre personas contemporáneas, sus intentos de extensión a contextos en los que los sujetos de justicia no existen resultan fallidos. Sugerir un remedio para ese fallo sistémico presentando una alternativa teórica es el objetivo último de este trabajo. El marco que encuadra la investigación es el proyecto político de la modernidad. Del mismo modo en que se reconoce que desde ese proyecto, al que se caracteriza como enraizado en cierta tradición liberal, se han producido grandes avances en materia de justicia política, también se advierte que se requieren adaptaciones para incorporar obligaciones con las personas aún no existentes sin comprometer sus principios fundamentales. Con este propósito, la tesis propone un enfoque alternativo, el de sustituir el concepto ineficaz de justicia intergeneracional por el de justicia intermodal. Esto supone, entre otras cosas, considerar las relaciones, no entre generaciones separadas, sino entre personas existentes y personas posibles, con la esperanza de superar así los retos asociados a la intergeneracionalidad...
The starting point of this research is the recognition that challenges such as climate change, environmental degradation, and the unsustainable management of natural resources are closely tied to current institutional decisions and actions, and that they will significantly shape the living conditions of future generations. These phenomena underscore the need for the political community to seriously address its obligations toward members of those generations. The apparent inability of contemporary theories of political justice to adequately tackle the theoretical dimension of this issue constitutes a major obstacle to this effort. Having been designed to regulate relationships among contemporaries, these theories struggle to extend their scope to contexts where the subjects of justice do not yet exist. Thus, the ultimate goal of this research is to propose a theoretical alternative to remedy this systemic shortcoming.The framework of this investigation is rooted in the political project of modernity. While this project, deeply grounded in the liberal tradition, has brought about significant advancements in political justice, it also requires adaptations to incorporate obligations toward individuals who do not yet exist, without compromising its core principles. To this end, the thesis proposes an alternative approach: replacing the problematic concept of intergenerational justice with the idea of intermodal justice. This shift involves rethinking relationships not as those between separate generations, but rather as those between existing individuals and possible individuals, in the hope of overcoming the challenges inherent to intergenerationality...
The starting point of this research is the recognition that challenges such as climate change, environmental degradation, and the unsustainable management of natural resources are closely tied to current institutional decisions and actions, and that they will significantly shape the living conditions of future generations. These phenomena underscore the need for the political community to seriously address its obligations toward members of those generations. The apparent inability of contemporary theories of political justice to adequately tackle the theoretical dimension of this issue constitutes a major obstacle to this effort. Having been designed to regulate relationships among contemporaries, these theories struggle to extend their scope to contexts where the subjects of justice do not yet exist. Thus, the ultimate goal of this research is to propose a theoretical alternative to remedy this systemic shortcoming.The framework of this investigation is rooted in the political project of modernity. While this project, deeply grounded in the liberal tradition, has brought about significant advancements in political justice, it also requires adaptations to incorporate obligations toward individuals who do not yet exist, without compromising its core principles. To this end, the thesis proposes an alternative approach: replacing the problematic concept of intergenerational justice with the idea of intermodal justice. This shift involves rethinking relationships not as those between separate generations, but rather as those between existing individuals and possible individuals, in the hope of overcoming the challenges inherent to intergenerationality...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Filosofía, leída el 31/10/2025













