Publication: Entre calles y alcobas: vida urbana y sexualidad en el Madrid popular de entreguerra
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2023-01-20
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Uno de los múltiples conflictos sociales y culturales que se dirimieron en el periodo de entreguerras fue el conflicto surgido en torno a la sexualidad y las nuevas formas de vida urbana. Durante aquellas primeras décadas del siglo XX, el debate público se hizo eco de la aguda disputa que estaba generando la visibilización de nuevas conductas y actitudes sociales en las grandes ciudades. Nuevos hábitos, nuevos comportamientos que eran síntoma, según algunos, de un estado de crisis e indefinición, que estaba haciendo tambalear las certezas, reglas y criterios que hasta entonces habían orientado y pautado las relaciones entre hombres y mujeres, concretamente las relaciones de carácter afectivo y sexual. El discurso social de la época se nutrió de un número creciente de quejas, lamentos y reclamos que alertaban del enorme perjuicio que las metrópolis como Madrid estaban ejerciendo en la moralidad y las buenas costumbres de la población. Distintos periódicos, revistas y ensayos fueron soporte de un relato altamente condenatorio contra la capital, que se servía con frecuencia del calificativo “nueva Babilonia” para subrayar su naturaleza lasciva y corruptora del orden moral tradicional. Alarmados moralistas señalaban con disgusto la impudicia que podía observarse a diario en las calles de Madrid: sus denuncias se dirigían comúnmente hacia las numerosas prostitutas que invadían sus callejones y sus plazas, hacia los impúdicos espectáculos que se exhibían en sus teatros y cines o hacia los nuevos “garitos” y demás “centros de corrupción” que poblaban su paisaje urbano. Todo ello, decían, era a su vez causa y corolario de un estado generalizado de relajación moral que se había infiltrado no solo en los hábitos públicos de las gentes, sino también, y, sobre todo, en sus conductas privadas...
One of the many social and cultural conflicts that arose during the interwar period appear due to new forms of sexuality and urban life. During the first decades of the twentieth century, the public debate raised awareness controversary new behaviours and social attitudes that were emerging in big cities. New habits and behaviours were arguably a symptom of the interwar state of crisis, which shook the certainties, rules, and criteria that governed relations between men and women till them. Specifically, relations of affective and sexual nature. The social discourse was fed at the time by many complaints and claims warning of the enormous harm that metropolises such as Madrid were inflicting to its population’s morality and good manners. Multiple newspapers, magazines, and essays supported a highly condemnatory narrative against the capital, which frequently used the adjective "new Babylon" to underline its lewd and corrupting nature of the traditional moral order. Alarmed moralists pointed with disgust to the impudence daily observed in the streets of Madrid. They usually condemned the numerous prostitutes that invaded its alleys and squares, as well as the lewd shows exhibited in its theatres and cinemas. In addition, they disapproved the new "gambling dens" and other "centres of corruption" populating Madrid’s urban landscape. All this, they said, was, in turn, the cause and corollary of a generalised state of moral laxity that had infiltrated not only people's public habits but also, and above all, their private conduct...
One of the many social and cultural conflicts that arose during the interwar period appear due to new forms of sexuality and urban life. During the first decades of the twentieth century, the public debate raised awareness controversary new behaviours and social attitudes that were emerging in big cities. New habits and behaviours were arguably a symptom of the interwar state of crisis, which shook the certainties, rules, and criteria that governed relations between men and women till them. Specifically, relations of affective and sexual nature. The social discourse was fed at the time by many complaints and claims warning of the enormous harm that metropolises such as Madrid were inflicting to its population’s morality and good manners. Multiple newspapers, magazines, and essays supported a highly condemnatory narrative against the capital, which frequently used the adjective "new Babylon" to underline its lewd and corrupting nature of the traditional moral order. Alarmed moralists pointed with disgust to the impudence daily observed in the streets of Madrid. They usually condemned the numerous prostitutes that invaded its alleys and squares, as well as the lewd shows exhibited in its theatres and cinemas. In addition, they disapproved the new "gambling dens" and other "centres of corruption" populating Madrid’s urban landscape. All this, they said, was, in turn, the cause and corollary of a generalised state of moral laxity that had infiltrated not only people's public habits but also, and above all, their private conduct...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, leída el 06/06/2022