Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis strains from periodontitis patients in Morocco
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2019
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Springer
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Mínguez M, Ennibi OK, Perdiguero P, Lakhdar L, Abdellaoui L, Sánchez MC, Sanz M, Herrera D. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis strains from periodontitis patients in Morocco. Clin Oral Investig. 2019 Mar;23(3):1161-1170. doi: 10.1007/s00784-018-2539-2
Abstract
Background and objective: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis have been frequently isolated in periodontitis patients in Morocco. Its persistence after the subgingival debridement of the biofilm has been correlated with worse clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibilities of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis, to amoxicillin, amoxicillin plus clavulanate, metronidazole, and azithromycin. In addition, microbiological profiles of patients harbouring A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, or both were compared.
Material and methods: In 45 consecutive periodontitis Moroccan patients, subgingival samples were taken and processed by culture. Twenty-four A. actinomycetemcomitans and 30 P. gingivalis colonies were isolated (54 strains) and susceptibility tests, using the epsilometric method, were run for amoxicillin, amoxicillin plus clavulanate, metronidazole, and azithromycin. Minimum inhibitory concentrations for 50 (MIC50) and 90% (MIC90) of the organisms were calculated.
Results: The prevalence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis was 79.5 and 84.4%, respectively. A. actinomycetemcomitans showed susceptibility to amoxicillin, amoxicillin plus clavulanate, while 28% of the isolated strains were resistant to azithromycin and 61.7% towards metronidazole. No P. gingivalis resistance towards amoxicillin, amoxicillin plus clavulanate, metronidazole, and azithromycin was found.
Conclusion: A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis were frequently detected in Moroccan patients with periodontitis, while antimicrobial resistance was only detected for A. actinomycetemcomitans to metronidazole and azithromycin.
Clinical relevance: A. actinomycetemcomitans resistance against some antimicrobials in periodontitis patients in Morocco can influence the selection of the therapeutic approaches.