Burnout, ansiedad y depresión en docentes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato : factores de riesgo psicosocial y variables protectoras
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2026
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15/12/2025
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Los docentes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (en adelante, E.S.O.) y Bachillerato se han mostrado como un grupo especialmente vulnerable al estrés laboral y sus consecuencias, especialmente, ansiedad, depresión o burnout, entre otras. La percepción negativa de los factores de riesgo psicosocial no solamente afecta a la salud de los y las trabajadoras del sector de la educación, sino que también repercute en un peor funcionamiento de los centros educativos y puede afectar al rendimiento académico de los/as estudiantes. Estos aspectos pueden empeorar nuestro sistema educativo con el paso del tiempo, y, por ende, la Sociedad. El objetivo general del trabajo fue estudiar cuáles son las variables relacionadas con burnout, sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva en profesores/as de E.S.O. y Bachillerato, teniendo en cuenta diferentes variables psicológicas y demográficas identificadas en la literatura científica previa que pueden estar asociadas con el desempeño de sus funciones. Para ello, la presente investigación se dividió en tres objetivos específicos. El Objetivo 1 trató de realizar una validación de los instrumentos de medida y recabar evidencias psicométricas de la adecuación de la utilización de estas herramientas en profesores/as de secundaria y Bachillerato. El Objetivo 2 trató de analizar las posibles relaciones y comparaciones entre las variables de interés recogidas en este estudio para la población de docentes de secundaria y Bachillerato. Por último, el Objetivo 3 se centró en el análisis de forma cualitativa los factores asociados aun mejor nivel de salud mental y aquellos que se asocian a un peor nivel de salud mental de estos profesionales...
High school teachers have been shown to be a particularly vulnerable group to workplace stress and its consequences, especially the presence of anxiety, depression and burnout, among others. The negative perception of psychosocial risk factors not only affects the health of these workers but also results in a poorer functioning of high schools. Additionally, it can have a negative impact on students' academic performance. The presence of these factors can worsen the conditions of our education system over time, and, consequently, society as a whole. The overall objective of this investigation was to analyze different variables associated with burnout, anxiety and depression symptoms in high school teachers. With that objective inmind, we considered several psychological and demographic variables identified in previous studies that may be associated with job performance. To this end, this research was divided into three specific objectives. Objective 1 sought to validate the instruments and gather psychometric evidence of the appropriateness of these tools for measuring these variables in high school teachers. Objective 2 sought to analyze possible relationships and comparisons between the variables of interest collected in this study in this population. Finally, Objective 3 sought to qualitatively analyze the factors that promote better mental health and those that undermine the psychological health of high school teachers...
High school teachers have been shown to be a particularly vulnerable group to workplace stress and its consequences, especially the presence of anxiety, depression and burnout, among others. The negative perception of psychosocial risk factors not only affects the health of these workers but also results in a poorer functioning of high schools. Additionally, it can have a negative impact on students' academic performance. The presence of these factors can worsen the conditions of our education system over time, and, consequently, society as a whole. The overall objective of this investigation was to analyze different variables associated with burnout, anxiety and depression symptoms in high school teachers. With that objective inmind, we considered several psychological and demographic variables identified in previous studies that may be associated with job performance. To this end, this research was divided into three specific objectives. Objective 1 sought to validate the instruments and gather psychometric evidence of the appropriateness of these tools for measuring these variables in high school teachers. Objective 2 sought to analyze possible relationships and comparisons between the variables of interest collected in this study in this population. Finally, Objective 3 sought to qualitatively analyze the factors that promote better mental health and those that undermine the psychological health of high school teachers...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, leída el 15-12-2025












