La carga mental como factor de riesgo psicosocial. Diferencias por baja laboral
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2010
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Abstract
La carga mental se impone como uno de los más importantes factores de riesgo psicosocial. Se define como la diferencia entre los recursos del trabajador y las demandas del trabajo. Tanto las condiciones de sobrecarga como las de infracarga mental producen problemas en el rendimiento y en la salud de los trabajadores. En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación en la que se comparan las valoraciones de carga emitidas por dos grupos de trabajadores: los que durante el año anterior habían sufrido alguna baja médica y los que no. La muestra total estuvo formada por 509 trabajadores, los cuales estimaron la carga mental de sus puestos de trabajo mediante el instrumento NASA-TLX. Los resultados muestran que los trabajadores que han sufrido baja médica perciben mayores niveles de carga mental en su puesto de trabajo, especialmente en cuanto a las dimensiones de esfuerzo, demanda mental y frustración.
Mental workload is one of the most important psychosocial risk factors. It is defined in terms of the difference between the worker’s resources and job demands. Overload and underload conditions cause problems in workers’ performance and health. In this paper, the appraisal of workload is compared among two groups of workers (those who had versus those who had not suffered at least one medical problem during the previous year). The NASA-TLX instrument was administered to a sample of 509 workers in order to assess mental workload. Results show that, in general, workers who have been on sick leave perceive higher levels of mental workload, especially in terms of effort, mental demand and frustration
Mental workload is one of the most important psychosocial risk factors. It is defined in terms of the difference between the worker’s resources and job demands. Overload and underload conditions cause problems in workers’ performance and health. In this paper, the appraisal of workload is compared among two groups of workers (those who had versus those who had not suffered at least one medical problem during the previous year). The NASA-TLX instrument was administered to a sample of 509 workers in order to assess mental workload. Results show that, in general, workers who have been on sick leave perceive higher levels of mental workload, especially in terms of effort, mental demand and frustration