Proton irradiation effects on silicon heterojunction solar cells with MoOx selective contacts
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2025
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Elsevier
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S. Duarte-Cano, F. Pérez-Zenteno, D. Caudevilla, J. Olea, E. San Andrés, A.D. Prado, R. Benítez-Fernández, E. García-Hemme, M. Rezaei, J.A. Clemente, S. Algaidy, I. Torres, R. Barrio, E. Ros, J. Puigdollers, P. Ortega, C. Voz, R. García-Hernansanz, Proton irradiation effects on silicon heterojunction solar cells with MoOx selective contacts, Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 190 (2025) 109312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2025.109312.
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the effects of proton irradiation on silicon-based heterojunction and molybdenum oxide (MoOx) selective contact solar cells. The main idea is to study their potential application in small satellites for measurement and monitoring. The irradiation dose simulates the aggressive environment found in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), where many satellites currently use Group III-VI (GaInP/GaAs/Ge) solar cells due to their superior efficiency, albeit at a higher cost. The experimental approach includes fabrication, irradiation, and characterization methods. Our results show a decrease in fill factor (F.F.) and overall efficiency after irradiation, mainly caused by a decrease in shunt resistance and an increase in series resistance. In addition, open-circuit voltage (Voc) and short-circuit current (Isc) may be affected by displacement damage defects caused by the irradiation process within the active region or by the formation of new point defects.
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"The authors would like to acknowledge the “CAI de Técnicas Físicas” of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ICTS – Centro Nacional de Microscopia Electrónica, to "Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas" CIEMAT, Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (CNA), Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Prague, and finally to RADNEXT TA04-43 for the support in resources and management of entities in the process of solar cell radiation with ASCUAS project. This activity has received funding from the European Union's 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101008126, corresponding to the RADNEXT project.
This work was partially supported by the Spanish Research Agency (AEI, Ministry of Research and Innovation) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) under grants PID2020-116508RB-I00, PID2020-117498RB-I00, PID2020-112916 GB-100 and PID2022-138434OB-C51.The authors also acknowledge financial support via research grants HyperSolar (TED2021-130894B-C21) and TransEL (TED2021-129758B-C32) funded by the Recovery and Resilience Facility of the EU.
F. Pérez-Zenteno is also thankful for financial collaboration from the Mexican grants program CONACyT and for a predoctoral contract from UCM (call CT58/21-CT59/21).
Sary Algaidy would also like to acknowledge financial support from the Ministry of Education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
R. Benítez-Fernández acknowledge the research contract under the Investigo Program (CT19/23-INVM-27) of the Ministerio de Trabajo y Economía Social."