Publication: La rivalidad entre "praeses" y "praesidens"
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Publication Date
2019
Authors
Conde Salazar, Matilde
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De Gruyter
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Abstract
El verbo "praesum" es un derivado de "sum" que tiene, entre otras, las acepciones de ‘estar al mando’, ‘dirigir’ y ‘ser gobernador (de una provincia)’; por otro lado, "praesideo" es un verbo regular con los sentidos de ‘proteger’, ‘presidir’, ‘estar al mando’, ‘dirigir’, etc. Ambos se usaron durante toda la latinidad. Relacionado con el verbo "praesideo" está el sustantivo "praeses", que tiene el sentido de ‘guardián’, ‘protector’, ‘quien preside’ y, al menos desde época de Tácito, denomina al gobernador de una provincia con funciones civiles, frente al "dux". Finalmente, "praesidens" se usó pronto con el sentido de “el que está al mando” y, con un sentido más técnico, denomina al ‘gobernador de una provincia’. Ambas formas coexistieron durante muchos siglos. Ahora bien, mientras que actualmente términos como “presidente”, “president”, “président”, “Präsident”, etc., formados sobre "praesidens", continúan vigentes en muchas lenguas modernas; el término "praeses" no ha dejado huella en ellas.
The verb "praesum" (derived from "sum") has, among others, the meanings of ‘to be in command’, ‘to direct’ and ‘to be governor (of a province)’. At the same time, "praesideo" is a regular verb with the meanings of ‘to protect’, ‘to preside’, ‘to be in command’, ‘to direct’ and so on. Both were used throughout Latin, but only "praesideo" has survived, even in non-Romance languages. Related to the verb "praesideo" is the noun "praeses", which has the meaning of ‘guardian’, ‘protector’, ‘who presides’ and, at least since the time of Tacitus, denominates the governor of a province with civil functions, as opposed to "dux". The noun "praesidens" also was soon used with the sense of ‘the one in charge’ and, with a more technical sense, designates the ‘governor of a province’. Both forms coexisted for a long time, but, while "praeses" has left no trace in modern languages, "praesidens" has survived with great vigour even in non-Romance languages.
The verb "praesum" (derived from "sum") has, among others, the meanings of ‘to be in command’, ‘to direct’ and ‘to be governor (of a province)’. At the same time, "praesideo" is a regular verb with the meanings of ‘to protect’, ‘to preside’, ‘to be in command’, ‘to direct’ and so on. Both were used throughout Latin, but only "praesideo" has survived, even in non-Romance languages. Related to the verb "praesideo" is the noun "praeses", which has the meaning of ‘guardian’, ‘protector’, ‘who presides’ and, at least since the time of Tacitus, denominates the governor of a province with civil functions, as opposed to "dux". The noun "praesidens" also was soon used with the sense of ‘the one in charge’ and, with a more technical sense, designates the ‘governor of a province’. Both forms coexisted for a long time, but, while "praeses" has left no trace in modern languages, "praesidens" has survived with great vigour even in non-Romance languages.