La autorrepresentación de las personas con discapacidad en Instagram
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Publication date
2024
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Oxbridge Publishing House-Tecnológico de Monterrey
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Mañas-Viniegra, L., Llorente-Barroso, C., Ferreira, I., & Viñarás-Abad, M. (2024). La Autorrepresentación de las personas con Discapacidad en Instagram. Comunicar, 32(78), 179-190. https://doi.org/10.58262/V32I78.15
Abstract
La apariencia física de muchas personas con discapacidad ha marcado su estigmatización por no responder a los ideales de belleza impuestos socialmente. Estos cánones estéticos vehiculan la representación de estilos de vida en Instagram y acaparan el interés de audiencias jóvenes. Al respecto, investigaciones previas han señalado que las personas con discapacidad también publican imágenes de autorrepresentación que están contribuyendo a generar nuevos estereotipos de belleza con un potencial impacto en usuarios sin discapacidad reconocida. El objetivo de esta investigación fue medir la atención e intensidad emocional que despiertan una selección de publicaciones en Instagram realizadas por personas con discapacidad, y en las que exhiben su imagen corporal con fines eminentemente estéticos, tanto de belleza como de moda. Se han utilizado dos técnicas de neurocomunicación, el «eye tracking» y la respuesta galvánica de la piel, aplicadas a una muestra de 120 universitarios españoles y portugueses usuarios habituales de Instagram. Los resultados sugieren que los jóvenes sin discapacidad continúan registrando una atención focalizada hacia los aspectos de la imagen que exteriorizan la discapacidad, especialmente cuando se trata de rasgos explícitos, sin que existan sobresaltos notables en la intensidad emocional. Estos resultados inciden en la necesidad de integrar la concienciación y la sensibilización sobre la imagen de las personas con discapacidad de forma transversal en el sistema educativo para contribuir a la plena inclusión.
The physical appearance of many people with disabilities leads them to feel stigmatised for not conforming to socially imposed ideals of beauty. These aesthetic standards convey lifestyles on Instagram that attract the attention of young audiences. In this regard, previous research has pointed out that people with disabilities also post self-representative images that are leading to new stereotypes of beauty with a potential impact on users without impairments. The aim of this research was to measure the attention and emotional intensity generated by a selection of posts on Instagram made by people with disabilities, in which they display their body image for aesthetic purposes, both in terms of beauty and fashion. Two neurocommunication techniques, eye tracking and galvanic skin response, were used on a sample of 120 Spanish and Portuguese university students who are regular Instagram users. The results indicate that young people without disabilities focus their attention on aspects of the image that clearly show a person’s disability, especially regarding specific features, yet there were no appreciable changes in emotional intensity. The findings also highlight the need to integrate heightened awareness and sensitivity regarding the image of people with disabilities by using a cross-curricular approach in the educational system in order to promote full inclusion.
The physical appearance of many people with disabilities leads them to feel stigmatised for not conforming to socially imposed ideals of beauty. These aesthetic standards convey lifestyles on Instagram that attract the attention of young audiences. In this regard, previous research has pointed out that people with disabilities also post self-representative images that are leading to new stereotypes of beauty with a potential impact on users without impairments. The aim of this research was to measure the attention and emotional intensity generated by a selection of posts on Instagram made by people with disabilities, in which they display their body image for aesthetic purposes, both in terms of beauty and fashion. Two neurocommunication techniques, eye tracking and galvanic skin response, were used on a sample of 120 Spanish and Portuguese university students who are regular Instagram users. The results indicate that young people without disabilities focus their attention on aspects of the image that clearly show a person’s disability, especially regarding specific features, yet there were no appreciable changes in emotional intensity. The findings also highlight the need to integrate heightened awareness and sensitivity regarding the image of people with disabilities by using a cross-curricular approach in the educational system in order to promote full inclusion.