“Odiar” en el "Nuevo Testamento" ("odi", "odio sum", "odio habeo"): traducción y construcciones con verbo soporte en la "Vulgata"

Abstract

In the "New Testament Vulgate", the Greek verb μισέω (“to hate”) is translated either as the Latin verb "odi", or as the constructions with support verb "odio habeo" and "odio sum". In order to understand the criteria that explain these three translations, we will analyze, from a diachronic perspective, the use of "odio habeo" and "odio sum" in the Latin literature from Plautus to Gellius. We will also discuss, in a synchronic view, their survival in late Latin, with special attention to the different translations of μισέω in the "Vulgate" and in the previous versions of the "Vetus Latina". The semantic and syntactic differences between "odio habeo" and "odio sum", on the one hand, and between these two collocations and the verb "odi", on the other, constitute other purpose of this paper: whereas "odio sum" is the lexical expression of the passive of "odi", "odio habeo" shares contexts with "odi", but in complementary distribution.